Newsletter - 26th November 2018
Lowest ever DNA prices? ENDS MONDAY
Why Ancestry DNA is the market leader
What to do while you're waiting for your DNA results
How to knock down 'brick walls' with DNA
Transportation and marriage: follow up
The LostCousins newsletter is usually published
2 or 3 times a month (this month has been exceptional with 5 issues). To access
the previous newsletter (dated 21st November 2018) click here; to
find earlier articles use the customised Google search between this paragraph
and the next (it searches ALL of the newsletters since February 2009, so you
don't need to keep copies):
To go to the main LostCousins website click the
logo at the top of this newsletter. If you're not already a member, do join -
it's FREE, and you'll get an email to alert you whenever there's a new edition
of this newsletter available!
Lowest ever
DNA prices? ENDS MONDAY
The cost of DNA tests has
fallen considerably since I first tested back in 2012, but it's invariably the
Black Friday/Cyber Monday Weekend that sees the biggest reductions - and as
most offers end at midnight on Cyber Monday, now is the time to get your order in. Please use the relevant link
below so that LostCousins can benefit from your
purchase - you won’t pay a penny more, and you'll help to keep this newsletter
independent.
Ancestry.co.uk
(UK only) - SALE PRICE £49 plus shipping (ends 11.59pm London time on Monday
26th November)
Ancestry.com.au
(Australia & New Zealand only) - SALE PRICE A$88 plus shipping (ends
11.59pm AEDT on Monday 26th November)
Ancestry.ca (Canada
only) - SALE PRICE C$69 plus shipping (ends 11.59pm EST on Monday 26th
November)
Ancestry.com (US only)
- SALE PRICE US$49 plus shipping (ends 11.59pm EST on Monday 26th November)
Family
Tree DNA (Worldwide) - FAMILY FINDER SALE PRICE US$39 (ends Monday 26th
November)
Family
Tree DNA (Worldwide) - Y-DNA SALE PRICE US$99 (ends Monday 26th November)
Note: see this article
in the last newsletter for an explanation of when and why Y-DNA tests are worth
considering.
Why Ancestry
DNA is the market leader
In spite of what some people might think, DNA testing is not
a substitute for traditional methods. The wonderful thing about DNA is that it
creates the biological equivalent of a paper trail, one that cannot be lost or
destroyed - so DNA beautifully complements the records-based research that I've
been carrying out for more than 16 years, and many of you have been doing for even
longer.
But whereas we can search for
our ancestors' names in paper records, there are no names stored in our autosomal
DNA. It's full of clues, but to make any sense of those clues we need to identify
others who have segments of DNA that match our own. And that's why it's both logical
and sensible to choose the company which has sold more tests than all the
others added together - Ancestry.
If you haven't tested yet you
might not appreciate why this matters, so here's a
real life example. I have 2152 matches with genetic cousins at Family Tree DNA,
3394 matches at MyHeritage, and just 993 at 23andMe - but I have over 16100 at
Ancestry! And if anything these figures understate Ancestry's
dominance, because some of those matches at other providers are the result of
users transferring their Ancestry DNA results (and some will, like me, have
tested at multiple sites).
Unlike most other test providers
Ancestry don't accept transfers, which means that if you want to compare
your DNA against that of the 10 million or so users who have tested with them,
you can only do so by buying an Ancestry test. And having tested with Ancestry
you have the option of uploading your results to several other sites to find extra
matches - so you've got the best of both worlds.
Make the mistake of testing
with another provider and you'll almost certainly end up doing what I did -
testing all over again. Get it right now, by choosing Ancestry, and you'll not
only save money but a lot of time!
Note: you don’t need an Ancestry subscription to view
your DNA matches or to contact them, or to create an Ancestry tree of your own
- and whilst you won’t be able to view your cousins' trees without their
permission, someone who has a public tree is unlikely to refuse. So don’t buy the wrong DNA test simply because you don’t have
an Ancestry subscription!
What is Findmypast DNA?
Some of you will have noticed
that Findmypast are now selling a DNA test under
their own brand - however it's not a new product, but the LivingDNA
test in another guise. The good news is that the rebranding of the test has
resulted in a price cut, from its recent level of £99 (in the UK) down to £79,
and it is further reduced to £59 for the Black Friday weekend (ie until midnight on Monday 26th November). There are
similarly attractive reductions in other territories.
What's special about the Findmypast/LivingDNA test, and
should you consider buying it? The big selling point is that it offers those of
us with British ancestry much more detailed Ethnicity Estimates.
For example, whereas Ancestry
tell me that I'm 87% from Great Britain, with an emphasis on Southern England
and the South-East in particular, 10% from Ireland/Wales/Scotland, and 3% from
Norway, Living DNA tell me that I'm 23.3% from East Anglia, 17.5% from South
East England, 9.7% from the South Wales Border, 8.9% from North Yorkshire, 8.3%
from Devon etc etc (you can see my full results here).
But neither test picked up on
the fact that I'm 6% German, and if I've got ancestors from Wales, Scotland,
Ireland - or, for that matter, Yorkshire - they've yet to show up in my research.
My most recent 'brick wall' is a great-great grandmother - but she's one of 16
great-great grandparents, so unlikely to account for any of those anomalies.
So, I'm yet to be convinced
that Ethnicity Estimates can be useful for someone like me of mostly British heritage
who already knows a fair bit about their origins. However
there are many people out there who know far less about their origins than I do
about mine, and for some of them the Findmypast/LivingDNA test could provide them with what they're looking
for. I also know that some people reading this are much more optimistic about
the value of Ethnicity Estimates than I am, and if so
this weekend's reduced pricing offers a great opportunity.
There's little opportunity to
find genetic cousins by testing with Findmypast/LivingDNA because the size of their database is very small
compared to other providers - and it’s those matches with cousins that are most
likely to help you knock down the 'brick walls' in your tree. However if you've already tested with Ancestry, but want a
more detailed breakdown of your British ethnicity, the Findmypast/LivingDNA test is currently the best option. If you're
hoping to find out more about your Irish ancestry it's less likely to help, I'm
afraid. You can see a list of the 80 regions that LivingDNA
use here.
You can support LostCousins by using the links below (all the prices shown
are in local currency; times are local time unless otherwise stated):
Findmypast.co.uk
- £59 ENDS MIDNIGHT MONDAY
Findmypast.ie
- €69 ENDS MIDNIGHT MONDAY
Findmypast.com.au
- $99 Australia $99 New Zealand ENDS MIDNIGHT AEDT MONDAY
Findmypast.com
- $59 US $79 Canada ENDS MIDNIGHT PST MONDAY
I also understand that if you’re
not currently a Findmypast subscriber you'll receive
a free 14-day subscription when you activate your test.
What to do
while you're waiting for your DNA results
When we're matched with a
genetic cousin, someone who appears to have inherited an identical segment of
DNA, we're faced with an unusual challenge - we know that we're related, but we
usually won’t know which of our ancestors we inherited that segment from, and
the chances are that the person we're matched with won't know either. It's
rather like trying to do a complex jigsaw without first seeing the picture on
the box.
Most of the matches we make
with DNA cousins will be many generations back, since we have many more distant
cousins than we do close cousins. The final column of the table below indicates
roughly how many cousins you might expect to find if you and they all took the
Ancestry DNA test:
Based on Table 2 from: Henn
BM, Hon L, Macpherson JM, Eriksson N, Saxonov S, Pe'er I, et al. (2012) Cryptic
Distant Relatives Are Common in Both Isolated and Cosmopolitan Genetic Samples.
PLoS ONE 7(4): e34267. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0034267
Revised using Ancestry DNA
estimates for the chances of detecting cousins and the expected number of 1st
to 6th cousins for those of British ancestry; the numbers for 7th to 10th
cousins are my own guesstimates
Of course, in practice only a
small fraction of your cousins will have tested - even Ancestry, by far the
biggest provider of autosomal tests, had only sold about 10 million tests by
early 2018 - but you can nevertheless reckon that the cousins you're matched
with will be distributed roughly in proportion to the figures shown above. In
other words, over 99% of your matches will be with relatives who are at best
5th cousins, and could well be 8th cousins or even
more distant - so the further back you're managed to research your tree, the
easier it will be to work out how you're connected to your genetic cousins.
How many matches will you get?
If you test with Ancestry it's
very unlikely you'll get fewer than 15,000 matches, and
it's possible you'll have more than 30,000. But you might not realise you've
got that many matches, because Ancestry don't tell you what the total is,
instead they tell you about the number who are 4th cousin or closer, which - as
you'll know from the table above - is only a small fraction of the total. For
example, I've currently got just 135 close matches, but over 16,000 matches in
total.
Tip: to find out how many Ancestry matches you have
click 'View All DNA Matches' then adjust the page number until you've figured
out how many pages of results there are (I'd suggest starting at 400). There
are 50 results per page, so just multiply the number of pages by 50.
Before you get your results
Making sense of all those
matches won’t be easy - in fact you'll probably never figure out how most of
your genetic cousins are connected to you - but by preparing the ground you can
make things a LOT easier.
When your DNA results are
finally available I'd recommend you refer to this Masterclass
- following the strategies outlined there will save you a lot of time and maximise
your chances of success.
How to
knock down 'brick walls' with DNA
Testing your own DNA is a
great start - but it’s only the beginning. It's unlikely you'll be able to
figure out how you connect to more than a fraction of 1% of your DNA cousins if
all you've got to go on is a single test. How can you possibly make use of the
remaining 99%?
The key problem is not
knowing which of your ancestral lines connects you to each of your genetic
cousins. However, if one of your cousins has tested
you'll know that the matches you share with them are on one of the lines that
you share.
For example, if a maternal
1st cousin has tested you'll be able to identify some of your matches as being
on your mother's side of your tree, and the same goes for your father's side
when one of your paternal 1st cousins test. Of course, whilst all of your matches must be on one side or the other, you
won't share all of them with one of your 1st cousins (though you will probably
share all of the closest matches).
But knowing which side of
your tree a match is on is only a start - although we only have 2 parents we have 64 great-great-great-great grandparents
(which is about as far as autosomal DNA tests can reliably reach), so halving
the number of possible lines from 64 to 32 doesn’t get us very far. What you
really need is 2nd, 3rd, and even 4th cousins to test - whilst the number of
shared matches will reduce, the precision with which you can identify the
shared ancestry will increase.
If you share a match with a
4th cousin the genetic cousin you've both been matched with must be descended
from the 3G grandparents you share with your known cousin, or from one of their
ancestors. And whilst you're clearly not going to pay for all your 4th cousins
to test, the reality is that some of them will already have tested - which is
why finding documented cousins (such as the 'lost cousins' you find through the
LostCousins website) is so important.
When you want to target a
particular 'brick wall', as you almost certainly will, it might be necessary to
persuade someone who isn't researching their family tree to test - in which
case you'll probably have to pick up the tab. Who should you pick? The ideal
person would be someone who shares the 'brick wall' ancestor and no other
ancestors - though in practice relatives like that are few and far between,
because ancestors usually come in pairs. It's usually only when a half-cousin
tests that you can identify which matches come from a single line.
If your 'brick wall' is a
great-grandparent then you ideally need a 2nd cousin to test; for a great-great
grandparent it would be a 3rd cousin, and so on. Sometimes you may have to
compromise, of course - there may not be anyone in the right part of your tree
who is both available to test and willing to do so.
Tip: some companies require you to give the name of
the person who will be testing when you order a test kit - but Ancestry don't,
which is very handy when there's a sale on and you don't have much time.
Several LostCousins members have told me that last
year they ordered 2 or 3 more kits than they needed in the Black Friday sale,
because they knew that they'd want to invite more cousins to test as their
research progressed.
Thanks to everyone who has
written in since my recent discovery of thousands of missing and duplicated entries
in the GRO's own online indexes. I'm glad to say that having analysed all of the reports I haven't identified any further missing
blocks larger than a single page - quite a relief, because when something like
this turns up you can never be sure whether it's the "tip of the
iceberg".
If you are thinking of
writing to me about errors you've found please check first whether the other
entries on the same page are missing - if they're not then don't contact
me as there must be hundreds of thousands of transcription errors, and not only
do I not have time to investigate each one, there is nothing I personally can
do about them.
Note: this article
explains how to check for missing entries using the FreeBMD
site.
Please bear in mind that
there are also errors and omissions in the original GRO indexes - the entries
in the handwritten indexes have been copied at least twice, and those in the
printed indexes at least three times (and that's even before they're
transcribed). So unless you have a copy of the
register entry you cannot assume that the new index is necessarily wrong.
Something else to consider
when reporting an apparent indexing error is that the handwriting in the
register may be hard to decipher - in other words there may be more than one
plausible interpretation. In this case simply referring the GRO to the
contemporary indexes probably isn't going to change their mind - you may need
to offer further evidence (such as another entry relating to the same family)
if you want your version to be accepted.
UPDATE: another block of missing births has just
been found - more details in the next issue.
There have been so many insightful
real-life adoption stories sent in by members, and yet no two of them are the
same - every adoption is different. The story in this issue comes from
Australia, although the birth father is believed to have arrived from the UK
around 1950. All of the names have been changed:
"I
have a brother that was adopted nearly 60 years ago. I located him about 40
years ago, but I was disappointed to discover at that time, that he did not
know that he was adopted, so I never said anything. I thought that it was up to
his adopted parents to tell him, not me.
"At
the time of Richard’s adoption, the ‘officials’ had told them not to tell him
that he was adopted, so they didn’t. If the adopting parents don’t have that
conversation from the first time that the child asks, ‘Where did I come from?’,
then how are they ever going to broach the subject years or decades later? I
kept in touch with his adopted parents Gladys and James, and no doubt the
arrival of my annual Christmas card must have caused them many a sleepless night.
About 11 years later, while Richard was overseas visiting what he thought were
his relatives, an old blind aunty said something like 'Which one are you, are
you the adopted one?' Well, that put the cat among the pigeons - as you can
imagine, Richard was straight on the phone to his adoptive parents. His father
James said ‘Have you been talking to that girl?’,
referring to me. That must have sounded like a strange response to his
questions about whether he was adopted or not. They denied it,
and would not tell him anything.
"Unfortunately
for them, Richard decided to cut short his overseas trip and fly home in order
to get some answers. After he had finally extracted the information from his
adoptive parents, he spoke to the Salvation Army and was able to contact me via
the electoral rolls. Sometime later he caught the bus up to visit me one
weekend (I lived about 500 km away). On another occasion when I was in the city I met him at a coffee shop and we looked through some
old photos that I’d brought to show him. He was able to obtain enough
information from me about our parents, that he did not meet my mother for quite
some time.
"Eventually
Richard arranged to meet our Mum at the railway station near a large shopping
centre; Mum lived in the same city as Richard at that time. Both had arrived
early, and to fill in time had walked over to the nearby shopping centre to
wander around. Mum recalls sitting on a seat and seeing a young fellow walk
past, carrying something in a bag, and she wondered if that might be Richard carrying
some photos. It was not his appearance that had caught her eye, but something
about the manner in which he walked that reminded her
of my father, Peter. When they met up later at the railway station, it had
indeed been Richard that she had been watching walking past. I am always
fascinated by things that can be inherited such as mannerisms. Unless you are
dealing with a situation like adoption, then you would automatically assume
that it was a learned behaviour, rather than something that was purely genetic.
"My
mother and Richard have only met on a handful of occasions, but they keep in
touch and ring each other perhaps once a month. My mother now lives nearer to
me and about 500 km from where Richard lives. Richard will ring mum on
birthdays, Christmas, Easter and Mother’s Day that sort of thing. These days
Richard does not travel much as he has too many pets to look after.
"Richard’s
adoptive parents died about a decade ago, they were much older than our parents
by perhaps 10 years or more. When I heard that Gladys was dying, I rang and she commented that it would be nice to see me again.
So I organised my mother to fly up to my place to look
after my pets, and I drove the 1,000km to see Gladys and James. I spent about
three days staying with them, just sitting around chatting about Richard and
our parents. We looked at some old photo albums containing photos of Richard
when he was a child. We also went for a drive and did a little bit of
sight-seeing. I also heard more about Gladys' and James’ early married life. As
they were childless they had the opportunity to pursue
hobbies that they may not have had the opportunity to do had they had children
when they were younger.
"It
is a familiar story, they had been married for over a decade with no sign of
any children when they had the opportunity to adopt Richard. Then low and
behold, Gladys finally managed to fall pregnant – and did so twice, after all
those years of trying! The arrival of their own children was also another
reason for not wanting to tell Richard that he was adopted, as they never
wanted him to feel that he was treated any differently to the others. Gladys
and James always seemed to like me, and were grateful
that I never told my brother that he was adopted. I think they saw me as the
daughter they never had. Gladys died about 18 months
after my visit, and James followed within a couple of years.
"Even
though Richard and I both have the same parents, my brother was adopted, whereas
I was not. It turned out that I was offered for adoption to Gladys and
James, but they were concerned that every time my mother got pregnant that they
might want to pass the child on to them, so declined. I have heard the story from
my mother, my father, and Gladys and James and it seems clear that it was my
father who instigated the adoption. It was done privately, but legally. James
and my parents were all living in and around a small country town about 400 km
from the nearest state capital, and my father was working on a major infrastructure
project at that time. Gladys was living back in the city, while her husband was
working away from home. My mother was about 1,400 km from her family interstate
and had no money or means to just take the baby and jump on a train and head
home. There was also no single mother’s benefit back in the 1950’s either.
"Our
parents did not stay together for long, only a few years - our father, Peter,
was of the love 'em, and leave 'em
variety. When he ran off with my mother he left
Elsie, the woman he was living with along with a baby girl only several months
old; for her part my mother left her husband and three young children when she
ran off with my father (there could have been a bit of post-natal depression in
there). What a mess! My mother must have been about 21 or 22 at that time.
I am so pleased that I didn't get the genes for irresponsibility!
"As
for our father Peter, he was able to track me down through an old government
employer a few weeks before he died. It was just a fluke really that he had been
able to locate me via my old next-of-kin address, as my mother and step-father
had only moved house about 4 weeks earlier and so the
mail was still being re-directed to their new address. When Mum saw the
government envelope from my old employer and its interstate address, she knew
that it had to be something to do with my father, so she opened the envelope
and then rang me. At that time I was living in another
state about 1,000 km from Mum’s place and it would have taken a few days for the
mail to have been re-sent on to me - I didn’t know how much time my father had
left. I figured that by the time I had my car serviced and checked and drove
about 3,500 km by road from my place to his, it could easily have taken me a
week to get there and he may have already died while I was travelling - so I
flew instead. With my mother's encouragement, my brother arrived about a week
later. At that time there were heavy rains and some roads were cut due to
flooding - Richard spent several days travelling by bus - the route he
travelled covered over 4,400 km.
"It
was the only time that my brother ever met his father. I had met him a
handful of times over the previous 30 years, but I had not spoken to him for
over 14 years before he died. He was on his best behaviour despite the fact that death was stalking him. He'd
learnt previously that I was not my mother, and would
not take any rot from him. He’d told his neighbour before I arrived that ‘she
stands up to me’. So that was clearly how he remembered me from my previous stay
with him, all those years earlier. If you didn't stand your ground, he'd walk
all over you.
"I
had a great time during those final weeks of his life, and
wouldn't have missed it for anything. I think that he really appreciated having
a blood relative there at the end of his life. I was the only one that had
ever been interested in him, and the only child that had ever bothered to chase
him up over the years. I don't think that my brother made the most of his
visit, but at least he got the opportunity to see his father, rather than just
hear stories about him. Richard stayed for about 4 weeks before heading home. My
father died 5 ½ weeks after I arrived. The community nurses were very kind and
told me that had I not have been there, that he would have spent most of those
last weeks of his life in hospital.My father had a
warped sense of humour and maintained it in the face of his imminent death.As it was, I thought that he did a good job of dying.In the end he was only in hospital for about 36 hours.
Richard left the day before Peter died, and I recall Peter gesturing him over
to thank him for coming to see him.
"I
stayed on and organised the funeral, and packed up his
place and sent most of his stuff off to the Salvation Army and tied up any loose
ends. My father and I had managed to organise some things before he died. It is
an interesting experience to be sitting in the lounge room filling out the forms
from the funeral parlour and asking my father questions like what were your
parent’s names, where were you born, and what do you want to be buried in? ‘My
swimmers and boots’ was his reply. And
so he was. I’d clearly seen too much TV, as I’d thought that it was standard
practice to be buried in a suit.
"As
family historians you will have been told that the death certificate is the
least reliable of the birth, death and marriage documents. Well my father’s certainly demonstrates the point. He’d told tall
stories about his past all his life, and he did not change his tune even at the
end. So his death certificate is full of lies - he
took his family history to the grave. I guess it was easier to stick to his
original story, rather than explain why he had told so many lies about his
past. I did not think it appropriate to hassle my father about who he was, or
where he came from, or how old he was. He was dying and as far as I was
concerned, the time had passed for such questions. Also, you couldn’t believe
anything he said anyway - he had said that if you tell people what they want to
hear, then they will believe you, so everything he said had to be taken with a grain
of salt. If he knew that you were interested in something, then he would quite
likely give you misleading information. I found that I might learn more if I
simply just listened to what he said instead of asking questions.
"My
father was not adverse to getting onto other men’s
wives! I assume the advantage of that was that if the woman fell pregnant, then
as she was already married, she could pass the child off as that of her
husband. I know of two other children that my father was responsible for, and I
have my suspicions about a third. So I will not
be surprised if one day I get a DNA match with either them, or their children,
or grandchildren. I already know the names of two of them, and the first
name of the third. All have different mothers, so goodness knows how many
others there may be. I've often said that my father was not the sort of person
that you would want your children to bring home and introduce as their new
friend.
"My
brother is well aware that he was better off growing
up with his adoptive parents, rather than living with our mother and my
step-father. As far as I can tell, Gladys and James were good people. As for me, I’m glad that I was not adopted by them, simply
because they would not have told me that I was adopted. My mother has always
been pretty open about her mis-spent youth, so I know
far more about my family than most children would. There is something about
that genetic link. How many of us have been fortunate enough to have located
rare, old photographs of distant relatives and have been able to see a family
resemblance that captivates many of us researching our family history, and to
wonder about what character traits have literally travelled down through the
generations in our genes and are not solely due to our environment?
"In
a hundred years from now, I wonder what future generations researching my
family will make of my parents, or how much they will even be able to figure
out about their lives if all they know are the birth, death and marriage dates?
Even finding us all could be a problem, though DNA should help with that. It's
a complicated mix of breeding, even without the adoption thrown in. My parents'
behaviour was not acceptable back in the 1950's and 60's, although it is commonplace
today."
There will be more adoption
stories in forthcoming newsletters, and if you've found them interesting I
suspect you'll also like this article
on The Guardian website about a man
who fathered 200 children.
The average family in England
& Wales is getting smaller, according to the latest information from the Office
for National Statistics, which tracked women born in
1972, and compared them with a cohort born in 1945. It seems that without
migration the population would be falling - and one of the causes is women choosing
to have children later in life. See this BBC article for more details.
Transportation
and marriage: follow-up
Professor Probert's recent article
prompted LostCousins member Mike to send me this
story from his wife's family:
"Rebecca
Probert’s interesting article in your 12 November newsletter opens with the
question 'What was the impact of transportation on a marriage?'. My wife's
family history holds one case where, so the husband hoped, transportation might
release him from his marriage.
"Pat’s
great grandmother, Sarah Raffe (née Dumbleton), died in 1864 shortly after giving birth to her
seventh child. This proved too much for
the children’s father, Joseph Archer Raffe, who took
off, leaving them to the care of other family members.
"In
June 1869 he acquired a new wife, a lady named Ann Taylor, but it seems that he
very quickly discovered that this was not a good move for him. By September he
was to be found setting fire to two barns and a cowshed belonging to a
neighbouring farmer, and later assisting in efforts to quench the blaze. The
following morning he walked into the local police station
and confessed to the crime, his plan being to get himself convicted and
transported to Australia, as a permanent escape from his unhappy life with
Ann. Sad to say, this didn’t work out:
found guilty, he was sentenced to six years’ penal servitude.
"He
was released from prison in 1874, but we have been unable to trace any record
of his life after that date (or even his death), so don’t know if he managed to
avoid resuming married life with Ann."
I wonder if anyone reading this
knows what happened to Joseph?
Last December, when Bitcoin
was priced at around $17000, I mentioned that I was reducing my investments in
peer-to-peer lending in case the inevitable crash led to high levels of default
as people who had borrowed money to speculate were unable to repay loans. Nearly
a year on the price of Bitcoin has fallen by over 75%, and I've also noticed
higher than expected levels of bad debt on my Zopa ISA
- though the projected return is still almost 5%, which is pretty good in these
times of low rates. I suspect the worst is over - but only time will tell.
I've recommended the Echo Dot
in the past - and I've just bought a second Echo Dot for just £24.99 in Amazon's
Black Friday Sale (that's £10 less than this time last year). If you'd like to
take advantage of this half-price offer please use the
links below so you can support LostCousins:
Amazon.co.uk Amazon.com Amazon.ca
In fact
you can support LostCousins by using those links even
if you buy something else entirely through Amazon (even if it's from one of
their Amazon Marketplace suppliers).
If you've yet to discover Jayne
Sinclair, the genealogist heroine of MJ Lee's novels, there's an opportunity to
pick up Kindle versions of the first three for just £1.99 in the UK (or $1.99
in the US). That's not £1.99 each, it's £1.99 for the lot!
The offer begins on Tuesday
27th November but only lasts for a few days, so don't miss out! Please use the links
below:
You can read my review of the
latest title in the series, The Silent Christmas,
here.
This is where any
major updates and corrections will be highlighted - if you think you've spotted
an error first reload the newsletter (press Ctrl-F5) then check again before writing to me, in case someone else has
beaten you to it......
Peter Calver
Founder,
LostCousins
© Copyright 2018
Peter Calver
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instead, since standard membership (which includes the newsletter), is FREE?