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Newsletter – 5th September 2024

 

 

Cheshire registers online at Ancestry NEW

Deeds hidden for centuries found in chest

How old?

Filius nullius

Too big for his boots?

Classic TV & wireless

Dee Time: case study

Brothers reunited after 15 years

Opportunity knocks

Save on WDYTYA? magazine

Gardeners Corner

Stop Press

 

The LostCousins newsletter is usually published 2 or 3 times a month. To access the previous issue (dated 22nd August) click here; to find earlier articles use the customised Google search between this paragraph and the next (it searches ALL of the newsletters since February 2009, so you don't need to keep copies):

 

 

To go to the main LostCousins website click the logo at the top of this newsletter. If you're not already a member, do join - it's FREE, and you'll get an email to alert you whenever there's a new edition of this newsletter available!

 

 

Cheshire registers online at Ancestry NEW

In the last issue I mentioned that Cheshire Archives will be shut until early 2026, but that Ancestry were close to making colour scans of parish registers available.

 

The good news is that Ancestry’s images and indexes went online at the end of last week. Whilst there are still monochrome images of Diocese of Chester registers and Bishop’s Transcripts at Findmypast, I have been reliably informed that Ancestry have more parishes and more years of coverage, and looking at the number of records listed on each site there certainly seems to be a big disparity.

 

Cheshire, England, Church of England Baptisms, Marriages and Burials, 1538-1812

Cheshire, England, Church of England Baptisms, 1813-1923

Cheshire, England, Church of England Marriages and Banns, 1754-1939

Cheshire, England, Church of England Burials, 1813-1998

Cheshire, England, Non-Conformist Baptisms, Marriages and Burials, 1800-1948

 

 

Deeds hidden for centuries found in chest

I live in hope that one day the missing parish registers for Althorne, in Essex, will show up – but in the meantime I can take some encouragement from the rediscovery of a cache of documents which date back to at least the 17th century. You can read more about the find in this BBC article.

 

 

How old?

There are so many interesting snippets sent in by readers that I often group together several items on a similar subject in order to create a single newsletter article. However, my filing system isn’t perfect (whose is?) and sometimes an example can be inadvertently overlooked – as happened with the marriage certificate below, sent in a year ago by a member who is also called Peter:

 

 

 

Fred Warner and Clara Bailey married at Wandsworth Register Office, so I’m not sure who they were trying to fool by lying about their ages – as you can see from the annotations, the age gap was more like 43 years than the 15 years implied by the ages recorded.

 

We all have illegitimate ancestors in our tree, but it’s not always obvious from their marriage register entries. When my great-grandparents married in 1864 there were no fathers’ names shown in the marriage register – which you can interpret in all sorts of ways:

 

 

 In fact, John Calver was the legitimate son of John Calver & Sarah Bray, whilst Emily Buxton was the illegitimate daughter of Robert Roper and Sarah Buxton (formerly Hunt):

 

 

Rickinghall Inferior was in the registration sub-district of Walsham-le-Willows, something which didn’t seem significant when I bought this certificate 22 years ago, but since then my wife and I have visited Walsham-le-Willows several times for the annual Open Gardens weekends – well worth a visit! Perhaps it’s not a coincidence that my great-grandfather became a gardener after marrying Emily?

 

When he wrote a year ago the other Peter also told me about this rather unusual Gloucestershire marriage entry from 1847:

 

© Copyright image Gloucestershire Archives, used by kind permission of Ancestry

 

They certainly didn’t beat about the bush in Little Rissington – it’s one thing to be described as a bastard child in the baptism register, but in the marriage register? The rector didn’t single out John Prude for his opprobrium – this marriage from 1844 is almost as explicit:

 

 

© Copyright image Gloucestershire Archives, used by kind permission of Ancestry

 

The fact that there were four witnesses rather than the usual two made me wonder whether the two male witnesses might possibly have been the birth fathers of the bride and groom – I haven’t done any research into this possibility, but you might find it an interesting exercise (if so, please post your findings on the LostCousins Forum).

 

Other variations Peter mentioned – which many of you will have come across in your own research – are the substitution of the name of the mother, or the stepfather, or simply the word ‘unknown’, which is possibly a kinder way of dealing with illegitimacy, since it leaves open the possibility that the person marrying was legitimate but never knew his or her father.

 

 

Filius nullius

Under English law illegitimate children had no parents – they were filius nullius, literally ‘son of nobody’, with no right to use their father’s name, nor any right to inheritance. There was a similar concept in Scottish law, and most of the American Colonies adopted filius nullius. There was just one advantage to being illegitimate – if you were under 21 you could marry by banns without fear of parental objection!

 

Even if the parents of an illegitimate child later married this did not legitimise the child until 1926 (in England & Wales) and, even then, only if the parents would have been free to marry at the time of conception or birth; that proviso was not dropped until 1959.

 

Whether or not you have Scottish ancestry you might like to download this 1982 discussion paper published by the Scottish Law Commission which summarises the situation as it was then, and makes suggestions for changes in the law: in the course of examining the issues the authors make multiple reference to the laws of other countries.  I also found a short article focusing primarily on American law, whilst this much longer 1968 article from the University of Miami Law Review considers whether illegitimate children should be able to recover damages in respect of their lost life chances.

 

Note: illegitimate children who are adopted are generally treated as if they are the legitimate offspring of their adoptive parents, however in England & Wales adoption was not legalised until 1926. Nevertheless, it probably explains why some mothers adopted their own children.

 

 

Too big for his boots?

In the last issue we learned how David finally solved the mystery of his wife’s great-grandfather, who had served in the British Army in the 2nd Boer War and the Great War under the name William Donn. Diligent research and clues from DNA tests eventually proved that William’s family name was not ‘Donn’ but ‘Onn’, but his army records had not survived – only his medal card and International Red Cross records relating to his time as a prisoner-of-war.

 

This was such a recent discovery that David had yet to discover why William chose to change his name – but thanks to an eagle-eyed reader he now has the answer. It turned out that William had originally joined the Northamptonshire Regiment in September 1893 using his birth name, but was discharged as unfit in January 1895:

 

© Crown Copyright Image reproduced by courtesy of The National Archives, London, England and used by kind permission of Findmypast

 

Was William literally too big for his boots? He had been recommended for discharge because he suffered from corns, which are often the result of wearing shoes or boots which are too tight:

 

 © Crown Copyright Image reproduced by courtesy of The National Archives, London, England and used by kind permission of Findmypast

 

It wasn’t unusual for soldiers who were discharged as unfit or underage to sign up again – sometimes using the same name but a different birthdate, and sometimes under a different name. A small number were caught at the time and prosecuted, but most were undetected – or, if the army suspected, they turned a blind eye (they couldn’t afford to lose a good soldier at time of war).

 

DNA is revealing some of these changelings, but many of the young men who were killed in the Great War hadn’t had time to start a family, so have no living descendants. Not a problem, perhaps, if you’re only interested in researching your direct ancestors but most researchers want to know what happened to their ancestors’ siblings.

 

A number of young men who joined up multiple times did it for the money. The newspaper article on the right (from the East End News and London Shipping Chronicle dated 28 September 1915 reports the prosecution of one Dave Martin, alias Thomas Avery, who is said to have enlisted four times at different recruiting centres. Headed “An Every Day Occurrence” it gives the impression that incidents like these were common; the recruiting officer at East Ham, interestingly named Major Cannon, is reported to have said that “They do it for 1s 6d” and “every day we have half a dozen of these cases. The men are very difficult to catch.”

 

Image © THE BRITISH LIBRARY BOARD. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Used by kind mermission of Findmypast

 

Having searched the British Newspaper Archive looking for other examples I’m not convinced that these offences were quite as common as Major Cannon suggested. Nevertheless we should always bear in mind the possibility that an ancestor was less than truthful when joining the army, when marrying, or when completing a census form. The time to start worrying is when you can’t find an ancestor at home with his parents on ANY census.  

 

 

Classic TV & wireless

The website TVARK has short clips of television transmissions of yesteryear – see, for example, this demonstration film which was distributed by the BBC to manufacturers of TV sets so that they could demonstrate the wide range of coverage to potential customers.

 

Though undated, it includes a public information broadcast relating to gas masks – which were first distributed to the civilian population in 1938 – so since television transmissions ceased on 1st September 1939, only resuming 6 years later, we can be fairly certain that the film was made in 1938-39.

 

Note the emphasis on television transmissions being live – in those days people went to the cinema frequently, so a television which showed mainly pre-recorded material would have been an expensive white elephant (the first sets cost as much as a small car). How things have changed!

 

Whether you want to be reminded of a classic TV advertisement, or a TV programme that struck a chord at the time, TVARK has an amazing selection – but please note that the clips are short, probably for reasons of copyright.

 

Copyright seems to be ignored at the Internet Archive where you can find all sorts of classic TV programmes. Personally I prefer to purchase DVDs where these are available – the cost is usually negligible compared to the enjoyment provided and the quality is almost always going to be higher. My wife and I recently bought the complete set of Columbo and are already up to Season 3.

 

Many classic radio programmes are available free at BBC Sounds, including Hancock’s Half Hour, but there is a bigger collection at the Internet Archive, and some may well be out of copyright.

 

 

Dee Time

Back in April I read a news story about a former dance teacher from a famous acting family who had died at the age of 106, and naively thought it would be easy to look her up in the 1921 Census.

 

As you’ll know from the articles I wrote back then, my initial casual interest turned almost into an obsession as I uncovered tales of deceit, adultery, and – it was suspected at the time – fraud (see the follow-up article published in May).

 

This week I had a feeling of déjà vu, and whilst this new investigation isn’t in the same league, the problems of conflicting information in media reports, online trees, and even in official records are common to both. I’ve done my best to make sense of what I’ve discovered but there are some additional records I would have liked to access to support my findings, so my apologies to any family members reading this if I’ve got something wrong (in which case, do please let me know!).

 

Image © Midland News Association. Image created courtesy of THE BRITISH LIBRARY BOARD. Used by kind permission of Findmypast

 

One of the old TV adverts I found at TVARK, probably from 1966-67, featured the once popular DJ Simon Dee promoting Smith’s Crisps – you’ll find it here. If, like me, you are old enough to remember Simon Dee, you’ll know that his meteoric rise to stardom was matched only by his dramatic fall from grace – by 1975 he was training to become a bus driver for London Transport (though I don’t believe he got the job).

 

If you didn’t grow up in the UK in the 1960s the name Simon Dee probably won’t mean anything to you, but do please continue reading because I’ll think you’ll not only find the investigation intriguing, but interesting and instructive.

 

As with so many celebrities, Simon Dee was not his birth name – though nor was he born Carl Nicholas Dodd, the name he used when he married for the first time in 1959, or Carl Nicholas Henty Dodd as The Times wrote in 1968, or even Cyril Nicholas Henty-Dodd as his Wikipedia entry asserts.

 

In fact, the GRO birth index for the third quarter of 1935 records him as Cyril N [Dodd], mother’s maiden name Simon:

 

 

I haven’t found any evidence of the surname Henty-Dodd being used before 1949, though there’s no doubt where Henty comes from – it was the maiden name of Simon Dee’s paternal grandmother, Edith Maud[e] Henty.

 

Some sources, including his obituary in The Times, erroneously suggest that Simon Dee was born in Ottawa, Canada: see, for example, this article on the Old Brightonians website. As I’ve been unable to find either him or his parents in the 1939 Register it’s certainly possible that the family were in Canada around that time, though I’ve so far not found any passenger list entries to support this hypothesis.

 

Although Dee completed his education at Brighton College between 1951-52, from 1949-50 he was a boarder at Shrewsbury, a prestigious public school on the banks of the River Severn, founded in 1552. Past pupils include Charles Darwin and, more recently, Michael Palin and Richard Ingrams (founder of Private Eye and The Oldie). Though if you’re thinking of sending your grandchildren there, please note that it now costs about £47,000 a year (and I believe that’s before VAT, which is being introduced at 20% from next year).

 

© Image provided by Heritage Assets. Used by kind permission of Findmypast

 

One of the many articles about Simon Dee that I found online mentioned that Shrewsbury was where his family had traditionally been educated, and this prompted me to look for the entry for his father. Intriguingly the relevant page (97) of the alumni directory was missing from Findmypast, presumably inadvertently omitted during digitization, so it was very useful that I could turn to The Genealogist in my hour of need:

 

Copyright © Genealogy Supplies (Jersey) Limited 2024. Use by kind permission of The Genealogist

 

Note that father and son were both in the same house, as is traditional at public schools, and that his father’s middle name was not Edward – as stated at Wikipedia and in his death and probate calendar entries – but Edwin. It is clearly shown as Edwin in both the 1911 and 1921 Censuses and further confirmed by his birth register entry:

 

 

It’s quite important because they were several boys whose births were registered as Cyril Edward Dodd, but there seems to have been only one Cyril Edwin Dodd. Though the 1980 death index and 1981 probate calendar entries are wrong, the correct middle name is recorded in his death notice in The Times of 20th September 1980, which was placed by his son:

 

“HENTY-DODD, CYRIL EDWIN. Born Salford, July 9, 1906, son of Cyril Dodd and Maud Henty; greatly-loved father and much missed by your only son Nicholas. RIP Pop. 1 Kings 2 v10”

 

This short notice also tells us that Cyril Nicholas Dodd (Simon Dee) was known to his father as ‘Nicholas’, and confirms that even though his father married three times, there was only one son.

 

Simon Dee may well have inherited his chutzpah from his pop – a search in the British Newspaper Archive reveals Cyril Edwin Dodd to be quite a character, one who didn’t like playing by the rules. For example, at the age of 19 in 1925 – a year after leaving Shrewsbury – he was fined £5 for dangerous driving, having allegedly told the policeman who apprehended him “I don’t care, I never pay fines”.

 

He was up before the magistrates again in 1927, accused of driving through crossroads at 60mph. Bear in mind that that there no road signs in those days, and judging from this article on the history of road markings in the UK it’s likely there were no stop lines at the crossroads either.

 

In fact, writing the previous paragraph I had a momentary vision of the way that Siegfried Farnon drives in the TV adaptations of All Creatures Great & Small. Surprisingly there were nearly three times as many road deaths in the UK in 1927 as there were in 2022, even though were far fewer vehicles on the road in the 1920s. Then again, in 1927 there was no Highway Code, and driving tests were yet to be introduced.

 

During the 1927 court case the magistrates were told about the 1925 offence, and also informed of three further convictions in the interim, one for driving with an obscured rear number-plate, another for dangerous driving, and the third for obstruction. The Police Superintendent who had brought the charge suggested that a suspension of Dodd’s driving licence would be appropriate; in mitigation the defence lawyer explained that his client was still only 21 and needed to drive for his business. Notwithstanding this plea Dodd was fined £5 and his licence was suspended for one month.

 

In June 1928 he got married for the first time, to Evelyn Addis Bisset. Settling down doesn’t seem to have improved his driving – in November he was once again in court accused of dangerous driving, though this time he was merely fined £5 and had his licence endorsed.

 

Perhaps he didn’t settle down at all: by May 1933 his affair with Mrs Gwen Pilling had led her husband to sue for divorce – a decree nisi was swiftly granted. In January 1934 Cyril married Gwen, and the following year their son Cyril Nicholas was born.

 

The newspaper report of the Pilling divorce case presented a conundrum: Gwen Simon and Walter Pilling were said to have married in 1921, but according to the GRO death indexes Gwen Henty-Dodd was only 45 years old when she died in 1952. Things certainly didn’t add up! Fortunately a Google search provided confirmation of the marriage date, and you can see a glorious photo of the happy couple here.

 

Notice that the caption to the photograph describes the bride as the niece of Sir Ellis Griffith and his wife Lady Griffith: Lady Griffith was formerly Mary Owen, sister of Jane Owen, the mother of Gwen Simon (who was actually born in 1899). Wikipedia erroneously names Dee’s mother as “Doris Gwendoline Pilling (née Simon)”, presumably misled by the incorrect age given at her death. There was a Doris Gwendoline Simon whose birth was registered in the first quarter of 1906 – I suspect this may have contributed to the confusion.

 

I managed to find a brief newspaper report of his mother’s funeral in the Sussex Express of 2nd May 1952 – this also gave the incorrect age of 45:

 

Image © National World Publishing Ltd.

Image created courtesy of THE BRITISH LIBRARY BOARD.

Used by kind permission of Findmypast

 

In 1956 a Captain Cyril L Henty-Dodd was reported to have become the first person in Devon to receive the Institute of Advanced Motorists certificate – despite the misleading ‘L’ this must surely be Cyril Edwin, who had married for the third time in Bideford in the first quarter of 1953, less than a year after the death of his second wife.

 

This also strongly suggests that he was the 2nd Lieutenant Cyril Edwin Dodd who was court-martialled in February 1941 for leaving his guard without permission and taking two subordinates with him to a gentleman’s club where they consumed alcohol into the early hours. The fact that he was in charge of Whitehall defences, including the Government offices and the Houses of Parliament must have been an aggravating factor.

 

Image © Reach PLC. Image created courtesy of THE BRITISH LIBRARY BOARD. Used by kind permission of Findmypast

 

This article comes from the Grimsby Daily Telegraph of 13th February 1941, but the case also featured in other newspapers – although I haven’t been able to discover what the sentence of the court martial was. I suspect he was demoted or possibly cashiered, since notices in the London Gazette show that he had been promoted to 2nd Lieutenant in the Grenadier Guards on 21st September 1940, and was subsequently promoted to temporary 2nd Lieutenant in the Royal Marines on 21st August 1941.

 

There was some interesting background information in the Grimsby Daily Telegraph article – it reported that he had private means, and had enlisted in the Irish Guards on 25th October 1939 (which is after the date of the 1939 Register, so doesn’t explain his omission). He was promoted to Corporal, and in May 1940 was sent to Sandhurst, receiving his commission in September.

 

One of the other newspaper reports was more detailed – it reports that the defending solicitor said of his client:

 

“He has been fortunate or unfortunate in that during his life he has never had the necessity to follow any profession, or to earn his living  

 

“It is not the same as the case of a man who has been brought up to submit to discipline.

 

“He is addicted very much to sport, such as hunting, fishing, yachting and shooting, and he is in short what one might term a typical English sportsman.”

 

On the other hand the same report states that the defendant was 36 and a married man with a young daughter – whereas we know that Dodd was 34 with a young son. Since the same information appears in other newspapers it was probably an inadvertent mistake by the defence lawyer, but I can’t entirely rule out the possibility that there were two officers with the same name.

 

In January 1970 TV Times published a series of three articles purportedly written by Simon Dee and describing his life and career up that point – the articles are online and you’ll find links to them here. It’s difficult sorting fact from fiction, and I certainly hope that in trying to make sense of the records I’ve not introduced new errors.

 

 

Brothers reunited after 15 years

On 31st August 2009 the Irish Independent reported the death of former disc jockey, Simon Dee, the previous day. A much larger story on the same page reported a split between two brothers – you may have heard of them – called Noel and Liam Gallagher.

 

Note: if you have a Findmypast Pro or Ultimate subscription you can view the articles here.

 

These days we only hear about family reunions brought about by DNA – so the fact that Oasis are reforming is quite newsworthy. Almost exactly 20 years ago, on 15th July 2004, my wife and I went to see Simon & Garfunkel perform at London’s Hyde Park – they had split up in 1970. Their reunion concert also featured the Everly Brothers, who had split up in 1973 – it was quite an incredible experience!

 

Talking of reunions, it reminds me that right up to the day that John Lennon was shot, in December 1980, I was one of millions hoping that the Beatles would one day ‘Get Back’ together. When the news came through the following day I was with my then partner and her children at the house of a friend. On hearing the news my partner’s young son innocently said “Wasn’t he in the Beatles?” at which point my friend’s wife burst into tears – it was an added reminder that it was the end of an era.

 

Coming full circle, John Lennon was one of the celebrities to feature on Simon Dee’s talk show…..

 

 

Opportunity knocks

When I told David about the army record for William Onn (see article above), the first thing he said was that it demonstrated the benefits of having access to records at more than one website.

 

Few of us can afford to have annual subscriptions to every site, but we can alternate them, or take out subscriptions for a shorter period. Only fools make the mistake of assuming that all the major sites have the same records – even where there is an overlap, being able to search at more than one site reduces our dependence on the accuracy of transcriptions, or the quality of scans.

 

Free searches at subscription sites can help, as can totally-free websites such as FamilySearch, FreeBMD, and FreeREG – but also check out what your local library has to offer: you won’t be able to access the main family history websites from home, but there are usually other resources that are available online. For example, I used the Essex Libraries subscription to The Times when I was researching the article about Simon Dee’s family.

 

You won’t find The Genealogist in many libraries, but from time to time I find their site invaluable – whether for the records that other sites don’t have (such as tithe records and the Lloyd George Domesday valuation), or for the unique search capabilities. It was also very handy when I was writing about Simon Dee’s father, who seemed to be missing from the directory of Old Salopians (as Shrewsbury alumni are known).

 

The Genealogist has digitized a lot of books and directories, and whilst some of them may also be available free at the Internet Archive, the latter isn’t the easiest site to use. Recent additions to their collection comprise nearly 300,000 landowner records, including: Berwick, Index to Register of Sasines Volume I. A-H 1617-1780; London and Middlesex, A Calendar to the Feet of Fines 1179-1485; Yorkshire Feet of Fines 1327-1614; Huntingdon Calendar of the Feet of Fines 1194-1603; Scotland, Index to Particular Register of Sasines for Sheriffdom of Dumfries and Stewaertries of Kirkcudbright and Annandale 1617-1732;

Scotland Record Office, Index to Register of Deeds, 1661-79.

 

By the way, if you don’t know what ‘Feet of Fines’ are, see this article from the very first (1952) issue of The Amateur Historian, the journal of the British Association for Local History. It begins “No record is more often consulted by genealogists and local historians than the Feet of Fines….”.

 

OFFER: you can currently save £50 on a Diamond subscription to The Genealogist if you follow this link, and you’ll get the same discount if you decide to continue when the 12 months are up. In the first year you’ll also get a free subscription to Discover Your Ancestors (worth £24.99).

 

 

Save on WDYTYA? magazine

Would you like 6 issues of Who Do You Think You Are? magazine for under £10? I’m afraid this offer is only available in the UK, but there are also discounts around the world:

 

UK - try 6 issues for just £9.99

Europe - 13 issues (1 year) for €74.99

Australia - 13 issues (1 year) for AU $125

Rest of the world - 13 issues (1 year) for US $89.99

 

To take advantage of any of these deals (and to support LostCousins) please follow this link.

 

 

Gardeners Corner

My wife is currently too busy in the garden to write an article, but she did ask me to mention that Sarah Raven are offering 25% off almost everything until Sunday 8th September, with free shipping when you follow this link and enter the code shown at the top of the screen..

 

 

Stop Press

This is where any major updates and corrections will be highlighted - if you think you've spotted an error first reload the newsletter (press Ctrl-F5) then check again before writing to me, in case someone else has beaten you to it......

 

 

Description: Description: peter_signature

 

Peter Calver

Founder, LostCousins

 

© Copyright 2024 Peter Calver

 

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